1. Complete the speech bubbles. Use a verb from the box and each of these modal structures once: might have, needn’t have, should have and shouldn’t have.
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eat recharge save worry |
Answer
1 should have recharged 2 might have saved
3 needn’t have worried 3 shouldn’t have eaten
2. Complete the sentences with a modal in the past (should / might / could / needn’t have) and the verbs in brackets. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.
1 We got lost on the way. We turned left when we ……………………… (turn) right.
2 I spent all morning looking for my camera. You ……………………… (tell) me that you’d borrowed it!
3 Thanks for the sandwich, but you ……………………… (make) it. I had lunch in town.
4 Josh ……………………… (let) me know that he wasn’t coming home. I cooked dinner for him.
5 You ……………………… (buy) any milk. There’s lots in the fridge.
6 Dad had already filled the car with petrol, so Mum ……………………… (get) any more.
Answer
1 should have turned 2 might / should have told
3 needn’t / shouldn’t have made 4 should / might have let
5 needn’t / shouldn’t have bought 6 needn’t have got
3. Complete these third conditional sentences with the past perfect and would(n’t) have form of the verbs in the box. Sometimes you need to use a continuous form.
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hear last leave not be (x2) not enjoy not know not send not take stop |
1 If you ……………………… me a text, I ……………………… where you were.
2 I ……………………… the party if I ……………………… myself.
3 If James ……………………… the plane instead of the train, the journey ……………………… a lot longer.
4 She ……………………… so cross if you ……………………… so spiteful.
5 If you ……………………… talking, you ……………………… what I said.
Answer
1 hadn’t sent, wouldn’t have known
2 would have left, hadn’t been enjoying
3 hadn’t taken, would have lasted
4 wouldn’t have been, hadn’t been
5 had stopped, would have heard
4. Speculate about the past. Write third conditional sentences.
1 He wasn’t listening to the teacher so he didn’t know what to do.
If he’d been listening to the teacher, he’d have known what to do.
2 The sun wasn’t shining so we didn’t go to the beach.
…………………………………………..
3 Harry was driving recklessly and was involved in a car crash.
…………………………………………..
4 Sam was short of money so he didn’t buy the jeans.
…………………………………………..
5 I ate the sandwich because I was hungry.
…………………………………………..
Answer
2 If the sun had been shining, we’d have gone to the beach.
3 If Harry hadn’t been driving recklessly, he wouldn’t have been involved in a car crash.
4 If Sam hadn’t been short of money, he’d have bought the jeans.
5 I wouldn’t have eaten the sandwich if I hadn’t been hungry.
Challenge!
Speculate about past events in your life. Write third conditional sentences.
1 ……………………………………………
2 ……………………………………………
3 ……………………………………………
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