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1. Choose the correct answers (a-c) to complete the text.

We 1……… expect our family or friends to turn against us and there can 2……… be a worse betrayal than one committed by a best friend. 3……… in literature has this been more powerfully expressed than by Shakespeare in his play Julius Caesar. 4……… Caesar sees his best friend Brutus among his murderers does he realise the extent of the betrayal against him. 5……… has Brutus stabbed him than Caesar falls to his death, speaking the famous line ‘Et tu, Brute?’, meaning ‘And you, Brutus?’ This is now a phrase often used to express sadness and surprise when you are let down by someone considered to be a trusted friend. Perhaps, like Caesar, it’s 6……… we are let down badly by a good friend that we appreciate how devastating a betrayal can be.

1   a   nowhere         b   never               no sooner

2   a   hardly              b   not until          only if

3   a   Not only          b   In no way        Nowhere

4   a   At no time       b   Only when      Rarely

5   a   No sooner       b   Only once       Under no circumstances

6   a   not only           b   hardly              not until

Answer

1 b   2 a   3 c   4 b   5 a   6 c

2. Write the words in brackets in the correct order to complete the sentences.

 Rarely (so / she / felt / unhappy / had).

     ………………………………………..

 Nowhere (find / will / you / a / friend / better).

     ………………………………………..

 Only (argued / have / ever / once / we).

     ………………………………………..

 In no (did / to / upset / I / anyone / way / mean)!

     ………………………………………..

 At (should / lies / tell / time / no / you).

     ………………………………………..

 Under (can / him / no / you / circumstances / trust).

     ………………………………………..

 Not (we / will / get / results / Friday / until / our).

     ………………………………………..

Answer

1   had she felt so unhappy

2   will you find a better friend

3   once have we ever argued

4   way did I mean to upset anyone

5   no time should you tell lies

6   no circumstances can you trust him

7   until Friday will we get our results

3. Match the sentence halves.

 She was sorry

 Do you regret

 Wouldn’t it be sensible

 Hasn’t she

 Weren’t you

 He is certain

 He’ll be lucky

 split up with Nick?

 not to keep his promise.

 to go to bed early?

 not to lose her friendship.

 at the café yesterday?

f   not inviting Jane?

 not to see him at the club.

Answer

1 g   2 f   3 c   4 a   5 e   6 b   7 d

4. Complete the dialogue with one word in each gap. Use negative structures.

Ada     Hi, Jan! 1……………………… you go out with Sara last night?

Jan      Yes, we went out for a pizza.

Ada     I was really sorry 2……………………… to be able to join you. Did you have a good time?

Jan      Not really, no. No sooner 3……………………… we arrived 4……………………… we had a row!

Ada     Oh, that’s not good.

Jan      I know. And not 5……………………… that, but she isn’t speaking to me now.

Ada     6……………………… it be a good idea to phone her and apologise?

Jan      Probably – I regret not 7……………………… to her at the time, but I was too angry.

Ada     Well, under 8……………………… circumstances should you forget to say sorry!

Answer

1 Didn’t   2 not   3 had   4 than   5 only   6 Wouldn’t

7 apologising   8 no

5. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Write up to five words in each sentence.

1   We mustn’t under any circumstances lose this key.

      Under ……………………………………… lose this key.

2   This band isn’t at all special.

      In ……………………………………… at all special.

3   I regretted going as soon as I got there.

     No sooner ……………………………………… I regretted going.

4   My friends haven’t judged me at any time.

     At no ……………………………………… judged me.

5   Bill wished he’d kept his news a secret.

     Bill regretted ……………………………………… a secret.

6   It was fortunate that we didn’t get lost.

     We were lucky ………………………………………

7   I’m sure Jerry went into town last night.

     ……………………………………… town last night?

8   I can’t make a decision until I’ve spoken to Pat.

     Not ……………………………………… Pat can I make a decision.

Answer

1 no circumstances must we   2 no way is this band

3 had I got there than   4 time have my friends

5 not keeping his news   6 not to get lost

7 Didn’t Jerry go into   8 until I’ve spoken to

6. Rewrite the sentences using inversion.

 I’ve never been so embarrassed in my life.

     ………………………………………

 You shouldn’t leave the resort under any circumstances.

     ………………………………………

 There won’t be another delivery until next week.

     ………………………………………

 I ran into an old friend as soon as I left my house.

     ………………………………………

 They didn’t consider splitting up at any time.

     ………………………………………

 We hadn’t seen such poverty anywhere before.

     ………………………………………

Answer

1   Never (in my life) have I been so embarrassed (in my life).

 Under no circumstances should you leave the resort.

 Not until next week will there be another delivery.

 No sooner had I left my house than I ran into an old friend.

5   At no time did they consider splitting up.

6   Nowhere (before) had we seen such poverty (before).

7. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Write five words in each sentence. (Contractions count as two words.)

1   The plate was very hot, but I didn’t drop it.

      I managed …………………………… although it was very hot.

2   Oscar had been offered a job, so he opted out of going to university.

     Oscar chose …………………………… because he had been offered a job.

3   Living in the country, I don’t usually hear very much traffic.

     I’m used to …………………………… because I live in the country.

4   I thought your sister took her driving test last week.

     …………………………… her driving test last week?

5   I think we should go home now.

     …………………………… now?

Answer

1 not to drop the plate   2 not to go to university

3 not hearing very much traffic   4 Didn’t your sister take

5 Should / Shouldn’t we go home

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