1. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Include the passive of know, think or believe.
1 It’s known that there were early human settlements near natural salt deposits.
There ………………………………………… near natural salt deposits.
2 Soldiers in the ancient Roman army are known to have received salt as part of their wages.
It ………………………………………… salt as part of their wages.
3 A thousand years ago, salt was thought to be as valuable as gold.
A thousand years ago, it ………………………………………… as valuable as gold.
4 It’s thought that a British tax on salt was one of the factors which led to Indian independence.
A British tax on salt ………………………………………… which led to Indian independence.
5 In some cultures even today, it’s believed that salt has magical powers.
In some cultures even today, salt ………………………………………… magical powers.
6 It’s believed that there are health problems connected with eating too much salt.
There are ………………………………………… connected with eating too much salt.
Answer
1 are known to have been early human settlements
2 is known that soldiers in the ancient Roman army received
3 was thought that salt was
4 is thought to have been one of the factors
5 is believed to have
6 believed to be health problems
2. Underline the mistakes and write the sentences correctly.
1 Two thousand years ago, the earth was known it was round.
…………………………………………
2 The dinosaurs are believed to die out because of a huge meteor impact.
…………………………………………
3 There have been known to be jellyfish in the sea for more than 500 million years.
…………………………………………
4 Today, the earth was known to have been 4.5 billion years old.
…………………………………………
Answer
1 Two thousand years ago, the earth was known to be round.
2 The dinosaurs are believed to have died out because of a huge meteor impact.
3 There are known to have been jellyfish in the sea for more than 500 million years.
4 Today, the earth is known to be 4.5 billion years old.
3. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Use the passive with may/might, should or must.
1 It’s possible somebody told Josh about the party.
Josh …………………………………………… .
2 It’s essential to play for tickets in advance.
Tickets …………………………………………… .
3 It’s good to water plants once a week.
Plants …………………………………………… .
4 It’s possible rabbits will eat our crops.
Our crops …………………………………………… .
5 The only logical conclusion is that somebody stole our satellite dish.
Our satellite dish …………………………………………… .
Answer
1 may / might have been told about the party
2 must be paid for in advance
3 should be watered once a week
4 may / might be eaten by rabbits
5 must have been stolen
4. Complete the sentences with the passive gerund or passive infinitive of the verbs in the box.
|
call collect elect give interview see tell treat |
1 I really can’t stand …………………… flowers.
2 Do you remember …………………… to clean your room?
3 Our babysitter wants …………………… a childcare professional.
4 My dad hopes …………………… president of the golf club.
5 Beyoncé will never agree …………………… for your magazine.
6 The shoplifter avoided …………………… by security guards.
7 I’ve arranged …………………… by taxi at midnight.
8 These days, women at work expect …………………… more fairly than in the past.
Answer
1 being given 2 being told 3 to be called 4 to be elected
5 to be interviewed 6 being seen 7 to be collected
8 to be treated
Challenge!
Complete these sentences with your own ideas. Begin with a passive gerund or passive infinitive.
1 I’m used to …………………………………………… .
2 Can you imagine …………………………………………… ?
3 One day, I hope …………………………………………… .
4 I don’t remember …………………………………………… .
5 Most people would prefer ………………………………… than ………………………………… .
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